Competing against online sharing

Purpose – This paper aims to explore online sharing of copyrighted content over peer‐to‐peer (p2p) file sharing networks and its impact on the music industry, and to assess the viable business models for the industry in the future. Design/methodology/approach – The authors analyze the evolution of the online content market over the years that followed the widespread adoption of p2p. The paper is based on a teaching case, and builds on two related academic papers that provide the theoretical underpinnings for the analysis. Findings – Based on the early developments observed in this marketplace and the aforementioned theoretical work, the paper argues that it is unfeasible to fully eradicate p2p, and so the industry must embrace it by understanding how consumers derive value from the technologies that enable it. Originality/value – The developments analyzed here offer relevant insights for the online content marketplace, allow the scope of strategies available to the music industry to be understood better, and may provide lessons for other industries transitioning to online business models

Identification of nonlinearity in conductivity equation via Dirichlet-to-Neumann map

We prove that the linear term and quadratic nonlinear term entering a nonlinear elliptic equation of divergence type can be uniquely identified by the Dirichlet to Neuman map. The unique identifiability is proved using the complex geometrical optics solutions and singular solutions

Presión arterial : ¿esfigmomanómetro manual o digital?

El presente es un estudio prospectivo y comparativo entre la medición de la presión arterial obtenida de manera manual con esfigmomanómetro aneroide y la obtenida mediante monitor automático. El desarrollo de la práctica se realizó sobre un grupo de 100 pacientes hospitalizados en el servicio de Neurocirugía y Otorrinolaringología del Consorcio Hospital General de Valencia durante el primer trimestre del año 2007, mediante mediciones secuenciales y efectuadas por el mismo observador con ambos aparatos bien calibrados. Se observó mediante el método de correlación bivariada de Pearson que no existen diferencias estadísticamente significativas entre las presiones tomadas por ambos aparatos determinando así la fiabilidad del aparato automático utilizado en esta sala para el registro de la tensión arterial.This is a prospective and comparative work between arterial pressure obtained through manual measurement with aneroid sphygmomanometer and the arterial pressure obtained through automatic monitor. The practice was carried out in a group of 100 inpatients in the Neurosurgery and Otolaryngology Service in the Consortium of the General Hospital of Valencia during the first term of 2007. The development of this hospital training was made on each individual through sequential measurements and executed by the same observer with both well-calibrated machines. It was observed that through the method of Pearson's bivaried correlation there are not statistically significant differences between the pressures taken by both machines. As regards this fact, both automatic machines of arterial pressure register are [email protected] [email protected]

Traumatic brain injury leads to alterations in contusional cortical miRNAs involved in dementia

There is compelling evidence that head injury is a significant environmental risk factor for Alzheimer's disease (AD) and that a history of traumatic brain injury (TBI) accelerates the onset of AD. Amyloid-β plaques and tau aggregates have been observed in the post-mortem brains of TBI patients; however, the mechanisms leading to AD neuropathology in TBI are still unknown. In this study, we hypothesized that focal TBI induces changes in miRNA expression in and around affected areas, resulting in the altered expression of genes involved in neurodegeneration and AD pathology. For this purpose, we performed a miRNA array in extracts from rats subjected to experimental TBI, using the controlled cortical impact (CCI) model. In and around the contusion, we observed alterations of miRNAs associated with dementia/AD, compared to the contralateral side. Specifically, the expression of miR-9 was significantly upregulated, while miR-29b, miR-34a, miR-106b, miR-181a and miR-107 were downregulated. Via qPCR, we confirmed these results in an additional group of injured rats when compared to naïve animals. Interestingly, the changes in those miRNAs were concomitant with alterations in the gene expression of mRNAs involved in amyloid generation and tau pathology, such as β-APP cleaving enzyme (BACE1) and Glycogen synthase-3-β (GSK3β). In addition increased levels of neuroinflammatory markers (TNF-α), glial activation, neuronal loss, and tau phosphorylation were observed in pericontusional areas. Therefore, our results suggest that the secondary injury cascade in TBI affects miRNAs regulating the expression of genes involved in AD dementia

Strategies for managing the privacy landscape

Firms use consumer personal information to improve their products and services. Personal information is open to misuse, however, and when exploited for undesired or unexpected purposes reduces consumer's trust in the firm and their willingness to provide personal information. How should firms manage consumer privacy? We present a framework to help firms identify their privacy impact on consumers and respond appropriately. We argue that firms should consider the full spectrum of entities they interact with and which can exploit consumer personal information, which includes: the political environment (government), the security environment (hackers), the market environment (third party firms), and the social environment (peers). Firms should pursue strategies to maximize the privacy impact consumers derive across these domains, augmenting sources of positive impact and mitigating those that generate negative impact. Successful strategies for managing privacy combine four approaches: balanced cooperation with government, heightened security against hackers, limited disclosure to third party firms, and moderated propagation with peers

The Presampler for the Forward and Rear Calorimeter in the ZEUS Detector

The ZEUS detector at HERA has been supplemented with a presampler detector in front of the forward and rear calorimeters. It consists of a segmented scintillator array read out with wavelength-shifting fibers. We discuss its desi gn, construction and performance. Test beam data obtained with a prototype presampler and the ZEUS prototype calorimeter demonstrate the main function of this detector, i.e. the correction for the energy lost by an electron interacting in inactive material in front of the calorimeter.Comment: 20 pages including 16 figure

The economic geography of the meso-global spaces: integrating multinationals and clusters at the local-global level

This is an author's accepted manuscript of an article published in: “European Planning Studies"; Volume 21, Issue 7, 2013; copyright Taylor & Francis; available online at: http://dx.doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.733853[EN] The local global phenomenon literature is fragmented between the fields of international business and economic geography (EG). In the case of the latter, the literature, produced within the global production networks (GPNs) and global value chain frameworks, does not address the central role of firms, especially multinationals which co-locate and connect territories along GPNs. This paper develops a cross-field conceptual integration in order to enrich the EG perspective, using qualitative research methodology to test the framework. The results have important implications for scholars and policymakers.We are very thankful to the “Ministry of Economics” funding ECO2010:17318 and “Generalitat Valenciana” for its support in visiting the London School of Economics and Political Science (BEST 2011 grants)Hervás Oliver, JL.; Boix Domenech, R. (2012). The economic geography of the meso-global spaces: integrating multinationals and clusters at the local-global level. European Planning Studies. 21(7):1064-1080. https://doi.org/10.1080/09654313.2013.733853S1064108021